Click here to read the first part of the article about The preferred screens in smartphones
Figure subpixels The perception of the image on the screen can affect not only the technology of the matrix, but also drawing subpixels. However, with all LCD is quite simple: they each RGB-pixel consists of three subpixels elongated, which, depending on the technology modification may take the form of a rectangle or a "tick".
The AMOLED-display more interesting. Because such matrices light sources are themselves sub-pixels, and the human eye is more sensitive to a pure green light than to a pure red or blue, the use of AMOLED in the same figure as in the IPS, would worsen the color and make the image unrealistic. Attempts to solve this problem was the first version PenTile technology, which used two types of pixels: RG (red-green) and BG (blue-green), consisting of two sub-pixels of the respective colors. Moreover, if the red and blue sub-pixels have a shape close to the squares, the green much more like elongated rectangles. The disadvantages of such a figure was "dirty" white, jagged edges at the junction of different colors and at low ppi - clearly visible subpixels mesh substrate, which appears due to the large distances between them. In addition, the resolution, pointing in the performance of such devices, it was "unfair" if IPS HD matrix has 2764800 subpixels, the AMOLED HD matrix - only 1843200, resulting in visible to the naked eye the difference in sharpness and IPS- AMOLED-matrices, seemingly the same pixel density. The latest flagship smartphone with AMOLED matrix became a Samsung Galaxy S III.
In smartpede Galaxy Note II South Korean company made an attempt rejection of PenTile: screen devices had full RBG-pixels, albeit with an unusual arrangement of subpixels. However, for unknown reasons later in this figure by Samsung refused - perhaps a manufacturer faced with further increase ppi.
In its modern screens Samsung has returned to the RG-BG pixels using a new type of drawing, which has been named Diamond PenTile. The new technology allowed us to make the white color is more natural, and as jagged edges (for example, around a white object on a black background were clearly separate the red subpixels are visible), this problem has been solved even easier - increasing ppi to such an extent that the irregularities are no longer visible . Diamond PenTile used in all the flagship Samsung Galaxy S4 since the model.
At the end of this section, it should be said about another figure AMOLED-matrices - PenTile RGBW, which is obtained by adding to the three main fourth subpixels, white. Before the advent of Diamond PenTile this figure was the only recipe for pure white, but he did not get wide distribution - one of the latest mobile gadgets with PenTile RGBW became tablet Galaxy Note 10.1 in 2014. Now AMOLED-matrix with RGBW-pixels are used in televisions, as they do not require a high index ppi. In fairness, we also mention that the RGBW-pixels may be used in LCD, but examples of such matrices in smartphones are not known.
Unlike the AMOLED, high-quality IPS-matrix never experienced problems as associated with a pattern of sub-pixels. However, Diamond PenTile technology with high pixel density, and allowed to catch up to overtake AMOLED IPS. Therefore, if you choose the gadgets picky, do not buy a smartphone with AMOLED screen that has a pixel density of less than 300 ppi. At higher densities, no visible defects will not. features On alone imaging technology displays a variety of modern mobile gadgets ends. One of the first things that come from manufacturers for - air gap between the projective-capacitive sensor and display directly. So there OGS technology combines a matrix sensor and one glass package in the form of a sandwich. This gave a significant leap in image quality: increased maximum brightness and viewing angles, color reproduction has been improved. Of course, the thickness of the entire package was also reduced, thereby creating thinner smartphones. Alas, but the shortcomings in technology also have: Now, if you broke the window, change it separately from the display practically impossible. But the benefits as yet proved to be more important and now not-OGS screens can be found only in a very cheap devices.
Then all moved in this direction the company Samsung, which began to put capacitive sensors directly between the sub-pixels of the matrix of LEDs, enabling even further reduce the package thickness.
Popular in recent experiments with steel and glass form. And they did not start recently, but at least in 2011: HTC Sensation has a concave in the center of the glass, which, according to the manufacturer, should have been to protect the screen from scratches. But to a qualitatively new level of such glasses came with the advent of "2.5D screens" with curved at the edges of the glass, which creates a sense of "infinite" screen smartphone and makes faces smoother. These glasses in their extensive use of gadgets, Apple, and they have recently become more and more popular.
A logical step in the same bending direction was not only glass but also of the display made possible by using polymeric substrates instead of glass. Then the palm, of course, belongs to a Samsung smartphone with its Galaxy Note Edge, which had bent one of the side edges of the screen.
Another method suggested by LG, designed to bend which has managed not only to display but also the entire smartphone on its short side. However, the LG G Flex and his successor did not win popularity, after which the manufacturer refused to release further such devices.
Also, some companies are trying to improve the human interaction with the screen, working on his sensory part. For example, some devices are equipped with sensors with high sensitivity, which allows to work with them even when wearing gloves, and other screens get inductive substrate for supporting the stylus. The first technology is widely used by companies Samsung and Microsoft (formerly Nokia), and the second - Samsung, Microsoft and Apple. Future screens Do not think that modern displays in smartphones reached the highest point of its development: the technology still has room to grow. One of the most promising are the quantum dot display (QLED). A quantum dot - a microscopic piece of semiconductor, in which a significant role is played by quantum effects. Simplistically emission process is as follows: the impact of a weak electric current causes the electrons to change the energy of quantum dots emitting light at the same time. The frequency of the emitted light depends on the size and the material points, making it possible to achieve almost any color in the visible range. Scientists promise that QLED matrix will have better color reproduction, contrast, higher brightness and lower power consumption. Partially-screen technology on the quantum dots used in the screens of Sony TVs, and prototypes are available for the Philips and LG, but the mass application of such displays in televisions or smartphones speech does not go.
It is highly probable and that in the near future we will see in smartphones not only curved, but also completely flexible displays. Moreover, almost ready for mass production of AMOLED prototypes matrices exist a couple of years. The limitation also acts Electronics smartphone, which is not yet possible to make a flexible. On the other hand, large companies can change the concept of the smartphone, releasing something like gadget, shown in the photo below - we just have to wait, because the development of technologies is happening right before our eyes.
Click here to read the first part of the article about The preferred screens in smartphones
